Indeed, in France there are laws that prohibit supermarkets (but not restaurants, AFAIK) to throw away edible food (or worse : make it unsafe to eat after dumping i.e. by pouring bleach on it).
Instead, they are supposed to donate the surplus/(nearly-)expired food to welfare organisations such as Les Restos du Cœur (https://www.restosducoeur.org/), one of the banques alimentaires (https://www.banquealimentaire.org/), or other similar associations (Caritas/Secours Catholique, etc.).
So since there isn’t any food in dumpsters, there’s no dumpster community either (… that I’ve heard about).
Too Good to Go also operates in France (https://toogoodtogo.fr/fr) and seems successful enough to be known in most big cities.