(Almost) relevant humor -
- Always remember that Robinson Crusoe is the only person
who has every always been able to get everything done by Friday.
(1) Work your way through the incredibly long Wikipedia - uninhabited islands entry.
(2) NZ uninhabited islands subset . None too tropical. Once you are legally in NZ there are some where you may just row/swim /stagger ashore with no other permission and may remain till rescued - many of these are very inhospitable
(3) Manuae Island. Cook Islands. Close to perfection. May or may not be inhabited on any given occasion. 100 km from Aitutaki so easily enough accessible. Marine park - but people definitely visit for other purposes - including fishermen occasionally according to Wikipedia
Manuae Island in Cook Islands group.
(4). Also in Cooks. Takutea - this is a conservatuon reserve and people do visit and you can get permission to do so. Not as Robinson Cruesoish as Manuae.
(4) Uninhabited French Polynesian Islands - sounds like a plan :-)
The islands below are semi-major, may be uninhabited, have known ownership and are sometimes visited. Sounds good. But they are more off the beaten track than you probably need. Chances are there will be any number of very small islands relatively close to major population centres that would suit your need. They would not have the romantic appeal of the one below, but would be a lot easier to get to.
Start looking at Wikimapia :-)
Doing just that found Tikei - there are sure to be more. Looks good.Start at the above link and zoom out. See where you are !. Wikipedia
Ahunui
Uninhabited. Occasionally visited by owners. Sounds like a starter.
Ahunui or Nga-taumanga is a small atoll of the eastern Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia. It is located 55 km SSE of Paraoa Atoll and 120 km WSW of Vairaatea.
Ahunui Atoll is roughly circular in shape and measures 6.5 km in diameter.1 It has a land area of approximately 5.7 km2 and a lagoon area of 34 km2. Its lagoon is totally encircled by the reef, so that it is not connected to the ocean by a pass. The islands have coconut plantations on them.
Ahunui Atoll is permanently uninhabited, but it is visited occasionally by neighboring islanders. The rarer pipi oysters (Pinctada maculata) are found in its lagoon.
Ahunui belongs to the commune of Hao (Main village: Otepa), which includes Ahunui (uninhabited), Nengonengo, Manuhangi (uninhabited) and Paraoa (uninhabited).[
Manuae Looks good.
Maupihaa - looks highly suitable.
(5) This may meet your spec - zoom out and marvel - but you probably don't want to go there and may or may not be allowed to. May cbe uninhabited at any given time. Not what it appears to be. Was very much once what it appears to be. Once the site of world's only Plutonium mine :-). Now owned by US wildlife service. NOT as far as I know actually part of any IS state (nearest to\Hawaii but not part of it.)
(5) General:
All uninhabited islands form part of or are administered by a sovereign state. There are none that you can visit without having met incoming customs requirements. However, once you are a legal visitor there are many islands that are uninhabited that you could legally be dropped off at.
In some cases islands are in private ownership and you need to make arrangements with the owner, while in other cases the islands will be deemed to be 'property of the state'. Eliminate those which are under military use or restrictions, locations legally offlimits due to long term contamination (eg some British Northern islands due to WW1 era Anthrax contamination) and you have about arrived at "public property. Eliminate quarantine islands and wild life refuges NZ Somes Island was initially the former and now is the latter and you are about "good to go".
At that stage the legality of visiting will be controlled by local regulations and local tour or transport operators will almost certainly be able to advise.
If you are willing to remove the drinking water requirement by being prepared to take enough with you, or by taking a still (solar or other) then you allow almost any hunk of rock to meet your spec. Larger, bush clad, and a nice stream and a waterfall are then a bonus :-).
If NZ was on your list then there would be many islands that would meet your specification within a day's travel of Auckland city where I live. Note: The Volcano in the harbour mouth looks like it has an outside chance of erupting in the short term. That may increase or decrease the attractiveness of the locale.
eg a number of the small islets around Great Barrier Island would qualify. (Good volcano view if it did happen. No danger). Largish Little Barrier at left of GB is uninhabited but visitors are banned - major wildlife refuge. There will definitely be candidates in the NZ Malborough sounds. This may beone - uncertain BUT zoom out to see how island rich and wonderful the area is.
More tropical - there will certainly be candidates [in this area]. A friend recently stayed in a resort in the island chain shown, but not every island is occupied. (http://wikimapia.org/#lat=-17.1985078&lon=177.1848294&z=10&l=0&m=s&tag=949) and people willing to drop you off. The military (biggest supplier of UN peacekeeping troops in the world) are friendly enough if you are not on their case, but a little wary of people doing strange things. Making sure eg the police knew your intentions should be enough.