Here is the theory...

To be able to drive (and rent a car) in a country, you need to have a driver's license which is recognised by that country.

If you are resident of the country, there is usually a time limit for licenses from other countries to be recognised, after which only local licenses are accepted.

For visitors, what is acceptable depends on what international Convention on Road Traffic the visited country is party to.

• If they are signatories to the older 1949 Geneva Convention, then:
  • They can (but are not required to) accept driver's licenses from other countries using the older 3-part pink format, using vehicle categories A to E
  • They can also require an International Driving permit using the 1949 format (grey cover, white pages, between 6 and 12 languages). They are most likely to do so if the national driver's license is in a language which is not recognised .
• If they are signatories to the newer 1968 Vienna Convention (amended), then:
  • They should accept a driver's license from another country if it is in an official language of the visited country, or if accompanied by a certified translation
  • They should also accept licenses conforming to the 1968 standard (old three-part pink format and a few variations thereof using categories A to E for licenses issued up to 29 March 2011, new credit-card sized format with numbered fields and more categories after that).
  • And they should accept 1968-format IDPs (there are a number of changes in the format, including which languages must/can be included).

In all cases, conditions apply, like minimum age (18 in general, older for some categories), learners permits not being accepted, etc.

Wikipedia is not up to date, Egypt is party to the 1968 convention (since 15 Dec 2023). So if you have either an older 3-part pink drivers license issues before 29 March 2011, or the newer credit-card-sized EU drivers license, that should be enough. But since this is a relatively recent development, expect to encounter people who still think you need an IDP.

When an IDP is required, only IDPs issued by the official organization(s) for each country are valid. The official list (maintained by FIA/AIT) is here. Depending on the country, it is usually either the same authority which delivers national driver's licenses, or local AA chapters.

Do not order an IDP from anyone else. In particular, the official site lists a few scam sites on this page.

I'm not aware of "digital IDPs" having any validity anywhere. If they are issues by any of the sites listed on the page above, just forget about them.

Now in practice... Ask and they will tell you.

Here is the theory...

To be able to drive (and rent a car) in a country, you need to have a driver's license which is recognised by that country.

If you are resident of the country, there is usually a time limit for licenses from other countries to be recognised, after which only local licenses are accepted.

For visitors, what is acceptable depends on what international Convention on Road Traffic the visited country is party to.

• If they are signatories to the older 1949 Geneva Convention, then:
  • They can (but are not required to) accept driver's licenses from other countries using the older 3-part pink format, using vehicle categories A to E
  • They can also require an International Driving permit using the 1949 format (grey cover, white pages, between 6 and 12 languages). They are most likely to do so if the national driver's license is in a language which is not recognised .
• If they are signatories to the newer 1968 Vienna Convention (amended), then:
  • They should accept a driver's license from another country if it is in an official language of the visited country, or if accompanied by a certified translation
  • They should also accept licenses conforming to the 1968 standard (old three-part pink format and a few variations thereof using categories A to E for licenses issued up to 29 March 2011, new credit-card sized format with numbered fields and more categories after that).
  • And they should accept 1968-format IDPs (there are a number of changes in the format, including which languages must/can be included).

In all cases, conditions apply, like minimum age (18 in general, older for some categories), learners permits not being accepted, etc.

Wikipedia is not up to date, Egypt is party to the 1968 convention (since 15 Dec 2023). So if you have either an older 3-part pink drivers license issued before 29 March 2011, or the newer credit-card-sized EU drivers license, that should be enough. But since this is a relatively recent development, expect to encounter people who still think you need an IDP.

When an IDP is required, only IDPs issued by the official organization(s) for each country are valid. The official list (maintained by FIA/AIT) is here. Depending on the country, it is usually either the same authority which delivers national driver's licenses, or local AA chapters.

Do not order an IDP from anyone else. In particular, the official site lists a few scam sites on this page.

I'm not aware of "digital IDPs" having any validity anywhere. If they are issued by any of the sites listed on the page above, just forget about them.

Now in practice... Ask and they will tell you.