You're only off by a couple hundred meters.
The problem is that the available satellite imagery is not very detailed, not sufficiently to make an object this small (when viewed from above) clearly visible. From above an object of this size is not quite as wide as a lorry, and perhaps as long. So, as we can see from the satellite image, which does capture some lorries, this will be difficult to spot.
(I think the problem you had is that the ferris wheel is actually much smaller than you originally thought. A close up picture from the ground is below and makes this clear.)
Let us review what we know:
The image you posted is also on Wikipedia; from its description we find out that it was taken from the end of the Broken Bridge. And one of the derelict bridge supports is visible in the picture. So the ferris wheel is between the bridge supports and the building with the blue roof.
Another picture puts it in perspective, and gives us more detail to work with.

Looking on the satellite image, down a line from where the bridge would have been, we spot the building with the blue roof to the right of the ferris wheel at 40°06'38.9"N 124°23'48.3"E.
Secondly, we look at this picture of the ferris wheel and nearby carousels from the ground, (not inlined due to copyright) and match them up with the satellite view.
This places the ferris wheel at almost exactly 40°06'42.0"N 124°23'45.4"E. (While I don't think this is exactly centred on the ferris wheel, if you are standing at that spot you should be able to touch some part of it.)