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I've found some people saying on geocaching fora that GPS devices are not legal (or are problematic) in Belarus. Therefore it is recommended to cache with smartphone. But such fora are quite problematic as an information source.

Are there any potential legal problems with geocaching in Belarus?

Will walking around with GPS device raise suspicions that I'm a spy?

Or is GPS navigation considered quite normal tourism activity by Militia and they are used to it and won't even bother checking me?

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  • While geocaching, you are not just walking around with a GPS device. You will often do very suspicious looking things (hopefully without looking suspicious :-) I have done things in the UK that I wouldn't consider doing in Belarus in a million years.
    – gnasher729
    Jul 22, 2014 at 14:59
  • Some geocachers got interrogated by special security in Georgia, on the same geocache I've made in botanical garden in Tbilisi. Because the cache was near (about half a kilometer) from prime minister's residence. The cache was regular. Quite small as for potential atomic bomb :D
    – Danubian Sailor
    Jul 22, 2014 at 20:17

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Much of the ex-USSR is, at least on paper, quite twitchy about using GPS devices; there was a well-publicized case in Russia in 1997 where an American engineer was (briefly) imprisoned for accidentally using one near a military area.

That said, that was almost twenty years ago, and GPS in smartphones has become ubiquitous since then. Importing both dedicated GPS navigators and mobile phones into the Eurasian Customs Union, which includes Belarus, is now explicitly allowed:

the following goods and equipment may be freely imported into Russia and Custom Union and exported from Russia and Custom Union:

  1. mobile telephones, modems
  2. navigators ( GPS)

However, even in that old case, it's not the GPS itself that's problematic, but using it in a "manner which is determined to compromise Russian National Security". And Belarus, being a rather nasty police state, is the kind of place where "compromising national security" is anything that those in power want it to be.

What this boils down to is that if the militsia catch you snooping around a military base, you're in a world of trouble regardless of whether you've got a smartphone or GPS. But walking around with a smartphone is a lot more 'normal' than a dedicated GPS device, so at least you'd have some plausible deniability for having one with you.

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  • I fear that a phone with GPS function active will also be seen as a GPS.
    – Willeke ♦
    Dec 22, 2016 at 21:24

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