Yellow fever is a tropical disease and the vaccine is only mandatory in French Guyana so it should not be necessary to visit mainland France. I am also pretty sure it's not needed in Italy, Scotland or Austria. Indeed, I don't think I ever came across any mandatory vaccines for travelers outside of yellow fever in at-risk countries (i.e. tropical countries).
Routine vaccines like the tetanus vaccine are recommended – but not mandatory for visitors – pretty much everywhere. One issue that is specific to the region is tick-borne encephalitis. From the countries you want to visit, it's especially a concern in Austria, if you plan to go outdoors (Lyme disease, also carried by ticks, is an issue too but I don't know about recommended immunization – EDIT: check the comments for more info on that).
As far as I know, the rationale behind mandatory yellow fever vaccine (and the international agreements to enforce it) it to prevent visitors from importing the disease and starting an outbreak in a region where that's a risk. If a disease is endemic and the local population is immunized, there is no point in making a vaccine mandatory and devising some costly enforcement measures, it's mostly your problem if you get ill. That's why all the recommended (and useful!) vaccines are not mandatory.
Many lists are of recommended vaccines are available, here are a few
However, these lists are often designed for residents of a particular country (i.e. vaccines that are routine in France would not necessarily be explicitly listed on French sites, etc.) so it might be best to seek a Brazilian source.