No, not if you need anything near completeness
The other answers list some sites, but those are very incomplete. For example, the Swedish Youth Hostel association members alone has 2–3 members in Kiruna, one in Luleå, one in Umeå, all can be booked online through webforms or e-mail. None of the search engines listed in other answers list any of those, and no youth hostel I have ever stayed in is.
My only recommendation is to search specifically through the web, through tourist office websites, or through country-specific websites. Norway has the extensive Reiselivsdatabasen (includes many categories of accommodation, including one for youth hostels and similar low-budget backpacker style), in Sweden many — but not all — youth hostels are a member of the Swedish Youth Hostel association, and otherwise, it depends per country. Perhaps the search engines are particularly incomplete for Sweden and Norway and more complete for other countries or larger cities — I have not made a thorough study. You might find something through them, but do not conclude from a lack of results that there are no hostels.