I hold an EU residency card
Unlike the US, an EU residency card is not a passport replacement and must be accompanied by a valid passport.
The Schengen border code states :
Entry conditions for third-country nationals
- For intended stays on the territory of the Member States of a duration of no more than 90 days in any 180-day period, which entails
considering the 180-day period preceding each day of stay, the entry
conditions for third-country nationals shall be the following:
(a) they are in possession of a valid travel document entitling the
holder to cross the border, satisfying the following criteria:
(i) its validity shall extend at least three months after the intended
date of departure from the territory of the Member States. In a
justified case of emergency, this obligation may be waived;
(ii) it shall have been issued within the previous 10 years;
and
- On entry and exit, third-country nationals shall be subject to thorough checks as follows:
(a) thorough checks on entry shall comprise verification of the
conditions governing entry laid down in Article 6(1) and, where
applicable, of documents authorising residence and the pursuit of a
professional activity. This shall include a detailed examination
covering the following aspects:
verification that the third-country national is in possession of a document which is valid for crossing the border and which has not
expired, and that the document is accompanied, where applicable, by
the requisite visa or residence permit;
For all intents and purposes in this case, a valid travel document entitling the holder to cross the border is a national passport