So my question is, is the Blue Card considered a "long-term resident"?
Someone with a blue card is not a "long-term resident[] under the Long-term Residence Directive." However, such a person is a "person[] deriving [a] right to reside from...national law." Therefore, the bearer of a valid German blue card should be permitted to return to a home in Germany.
The term "long-term resident" denotes a beneficiary of Directive 2003/109/EC of 25 November 2003 concerning the status of third-country nationals who are long-term residents, referred to in the quoted text as "the Long-term Residence Directive." To be a beneficiary of this directive, you must have lived in Germany for at least five years.
However, the text that you have received from the consulate seems like a judicial or other decision that places limits on the "temporary travel restriction," not a description of the actual terms of the restriction itself. Without more context from the message you received, it's impossible to say what the terms of the restriction actually are.
At Coronavirus and entry restrictions: 4 things travelers to Germany need to know, which is five days old as of this writing, the German foreign ministry says that it will allow foreigners holding any residence permit for another EU country to transit through Germany in order to return to the country of residence, but they do not explicitly cover non-Germans who reside in Germany:
EU-citzens and citizens of Great Britain, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland and their family members will be allowed to transit through Germany to reach their home countries. The same will apply for foreigners holding a residence permit in one of these countries.
However, any residence permit is probably included in "a national long-term visa," even though it is not strictly speaking a visa. Your blue card is a residence permit, so you are probably fine to return home.