In the past I took ferries between South Korea and Japan six times, but the most recent was seven years ago.
I seem to recall that besides the Japanese and Korean travellers that there were also many Chinese in the ferry terminal.
I thought this would've been the Busan terminal, but maybe it was the Shimonoseki terminal. I also seem to recall that the Chinese side was Qingdao, but I don't trust my memory completely.
I know there are ferries from Incheon and Osaka to China, but for this question I'm not asking about those since that info is easy to find.