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Lufthansa airline offers the "Economy Flex" fare. The listed advantages of this fare are:
Rebooking possible plus fare difference
Refundable except 70 EUR plus fare difference
What does the "plus fare difference" mean?
Imagine I buy a ticket for 200 €. Later I decide to cancel. They keep 70 Euro, so I get 130€ back. What's with the fare difference? Fare difference to what?
As a comparison, the "Economy classic" states:
Rebooking: 70 EUR plus fare difference
Refund not possible
The fare difference is the difference in price between the ticket you bought and the one you have after cancellation.
One case is when you cancel your entire ticket, so the difference is zero minus price paid. I'm sure they won't give you a fare credit for a negative difference, so you will get what you paid minus 70 EUR.
The other is that you cancel a portion. Say you are going A -> B -> C -> B -> A and you cancel the B -> C -> B portion, then the difference will be the price of A -> B -> A minus the original price. You can also cancel a portion so that you have no return or an open-jaw in which case the price changes.
For a rebooking, the meaning is more obvious. You are changing a ticket which you paid for will get another ticket. If the price of the ticket before and after is the same, there is no fare difference. If the price of the rebooked one is higher, then there will be a difference. I have never seen a reimbursement in such case, so if the new fare is cheaper, the fare difference will be negative but you will probably not get any money back.
The Economy basic on the other hand only allows the rebooking but not cancelling. So, in practice, you will lose the fare if you want to cancel. If you rebook, it will cost you at least 70 EUR.
The wording on that is a little odd - but not unexpected given that it's likely a German -> English translation of the fare rules.
As you're probably already aware, airfares - even on the same route - can vary dramatically depending on a number of factors, including when the ticket was bought.
Let's say you bought a ticket for a flight that cost 1000 EUR, and now you want to change it to a different day.
If the flight on that new day now costs 1200 EUR, then you will need to pay the "fare difference" between what you've paid and the new fare, being 200 euros. Based on the rules you've quoted for "Economy Flex", that 200 Euro is all you'll need to pay. With "Economy Classic", you'll need to pay 70 Euro PLUS the fare difference, for a total charge for 270 Euro.
Now, what if it happened that the fare for the new flight you wanted was only 800 EUR? The fare difference in this case is 200 EUR, but it's 200 euro cheaper, which means that (if the fare rules allow it) the airline owes you 200 euro.
From the rules you've quoted for Economy Flex, you ARE able to get a refund of that amount - minus a 70 euro fee. So you'll get a 130 Euro refund.
The rules for Economy Classic say no refund, so whilst you would still be able to make this change, you will not get any money back from doing it, and in fact would most likely still need to pay the 70 Euro fee to make the change!
If you wanted to cancel your ticket it's likely the same conditions would apply (Economy Flex you could get a refund minus 70 euro, Economy Classic no refund), but that would be covered in other entries in the fare rules that you haven't quoted so I can't say for sure.
You may rebook the ticket to another flight - in this case you'd get a refund of 70 euros, less the difference in fare to the new flight (or, in other words, all but 70 euros of your original fare would transfer to cover the cost of the new flight).
If you outright cancel, you'd get the entire fare less 70 EUR.
