There are many other ways to provide ID to security, depending on how many of those were also stolen with your wallet, you have quite a few options.
According to the TSA's website, you can use any of the following (besides your driver's license and passport):
- U.S. passport card
- DHS trusted traveler cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, FAST)
- U.S. military ID (active duty or retired military and their dependents, and DoD civilians)
- Permanent resident card
- Border crossing card
- DHS-designated enhanced driver's license
- Airline or airport-issued ID (if issued under a TSA-approved security plan)
- Federally recognized, tribal-issued photo ID
- HSPD-12 PIV card
- Foreign government-issued passport
- Canadian provincial driver's license or Indian and Northern Affairs Canada card
- Transportation worker identification credential
- Immigration and Naturalization Service Employment Authorization Card (I-766)
Note however that weapon permits and temporary driver's license are not an acceptable form of identification.
Of course, as this answer mentions, you can still travel if you have no ID.
;-)